The smartest guy in the room - the enron documentary Essay

The smartest guy in the room - the enron documentary - Essay Example Precisely, the company’s top management inflated the stock prices and amassed overwhelming capital investments from the shareholders while the company was running into bankruptcy. After the company collapsed, Enron’s shareholders were subjected to reduced per capita income, which further influenced a reduction in the country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). In order to prevent the occurrence of inflated stock prices that in turn influenced shareholders to invest in fraudulent companies, the government should issue strict regulations. The importance of this approach is to ensure that the business environment is informed about every company’s financial prospectus, statement of profits and losses, and its overall performances in the market (322). Eventually, every company will only present actual information to the market and the shareholders’ responses will in turn affect increase or decrease in the stocks’ prices. Considering such a regulation is vital towards financial development and contentedness of the investors (325). This will serve for the benefit of the country’s economic environment since corruption and fraudulent company practices will be diminished. Enron’s top management is depicted in the movie as a group driven by the greed to earn and resuscitate the company to a profitable position. Therefore, the company’s accounting department embarks on the use of the â€Å"mark-to-market† accounting tactic that aims at deceiving the investors’ population to acknowledge its performance through the highlighted bogus profits (Moeller 34). This accounting tactic enabled the company to forecast on its probable profits in a ten-year period and establish them on their current profit statement as though the Enron had made them. The tactic is fraudulent and should not be used in business organizations. Enron’s CEO Mr. Jeffrey Skilling and Kenneth Lay are depicted in

William Blake- subject, language and form Essay Example for Free

William Blake- subject, language and form Essay Blakes poems put forward a powerful social message which reflects the time in which he was writing. With reference to at least five of his poems, show how Blake achieves this through his use of subject, language and form In this essay I will be analysing five of Blakes poems which are A Poison Tree, The Chimney-Sweeper (experience), The Chimney-Sweeper (innocence) London and The Human Abstract. Each of Blakes poems has a powerful social message, and my aim is to analyse the message he is trying to portray through these poems. The subject, language and form his poems uphold are some of the main devices that help put forward his opinion at his present time, the 18th century. The powerful social message Blake was trying to convey to his readers was human suffering during his era, he showed this through his poems which marks his sympathy. At this day and age modern readers understand Blake as a writer and see the message he is trying to put forth through his poems. Although in his time, Blake was considered very strange. Born in 1757 into a Christian but non conformist London family, most of his life he spent in London. In 1783 he published his first volume of poems. Many changes were taking place in Blakes society, between 1750 and 1850, late 18th century the industrial revolution was changing the society through huge revolutions in technology in England. England changed from a rural population made from agriculture to a manufacturing society consisting of factories. Oppression of women and children was apparent so they worked for lower wages. Employment laws did not exist yet, some may have had to work up to 14 hour days with low wages. Now a days, these things are seen as wrong, throughout the 18th-19th century employing children and women with low wages and others with ridiculously long hours was seen as normal and no action was taken against it by either the establishment, monarchy or church, this caused Blake to be against all establishments which did not try and help the problems 18th century England was facing. Blake, being the rare few of many in England, became aware of these faults. His views were similar to our contemporary day. Many writers were moved by the industrial revolution. They felt it was important to shine light on the poor conditions of the working class and use of child labour. This change changed the attitudes of those living in England, many rich well off people became ignorant towards the conditions many poor, lower class, people were facing. The attitude of many high class people was apparent as growth and human spirit was not possible under conditions of social oppression. Also the establishment did nothing about the poor working conditions. In the 18th century poetry was used to spread news about life in general. Blake made a lot of reference to the bible in most of the poems he wrote. In his poems his ideas are powerful and convincing. Blake did not agree with political radicalism, he was strongly anti-establishment (government monarchy). He believed everyone should be as a liberating force. The need of individual imagination was important to Blake and the feeling above reason. He had love of nature and the natural, referring to the world before the industrial revolution, especially in reflecting the spirituality of things. He was against the church as it was an establishment and did nothing about the poor conditions many endured but he was for the religion of Christianity as it is strongly portrayed through his poems with the constant reference to biblical terms. The bible was most easily accessible to Blake as he was self taught. Chimney sweeping was not seen as wrong as child labour was not morally wrong. Blake wanted to show his feelings towards this wrong way of labour. In the 18th century the church did nothing about this cruel situation where children were being treated like slaves. The church let this cruelty act go on, the words of the church were being voiced through the chimney sweeping children. The poem called The Chimney-Sweeper innocence is about a young boy being sold, by his father, into the recruiting of young children to clean chimneys. A boy, the narrator, in this poem is so innocent he doesnt know any better and does not see it as wrong. The father is selling the boy for money, as it mustve been scarce for most dealing with the new ways of the revolution. In this poem Blake is trying to emphasise child labour and uses it from a childs perspective to evoke emotion out of the reader as the reader would more likely feel sorry for a child. His innocence is apparent in the first stanza as in the first verse it is written that the boy is not articulate while yet my tongue could scarcely cry. The boy is unable to pronounce sweep and instead pronounces weep yet again showing his innocence and intensifies his youth. The reader is directly address when it says so your chimney I sweep This triggers guilt in the reader, knowing such a young boy, unable to even pronounce sweep, is cleaning your chimney. At the end of stanza one alliteration is present sweep and in soot o sleep the pronunciation of s shows his progress. In stanza 2 the narrator refers to his friend Theres little Tom Dacre, who cried This gives off the persona of a child as children talk about a friend to put across their feelings on that person. That curled like a lambs back a lamb is a symbol of sacrifice in a biblical sense. Tom is sacrificing himself to cleaning the chimneys this is represented by him having his head shaved. A very vivid image is mentioned in stanza three it talks about Tom having a night mare about his many friends locked up in coffins of black the picture being painted in your mind is relating to the black, also meaning fear and dark, chimneys the boys have to climb and clean. It is suggesting that the sweeping of the chimneys will be the death of them. The term locked up could also suggest that they will be cleaning chimneys forever. Coffin is also a sense of claustrophobia, being locked up inside a coffin or chimney would be considered suffocating. Stanza 4 makes reference to the bible where by an angel is mentioned which is usually sent from god. This stanza is specifically child like as it has a nursery rhyme quality describing the horror of the nightmare in a child like tone. The angel sets the boys free into a field of laughter and play, things they should be doing, it shows just how horrible life was for the boys by contrasting it with what they should have been doing at their age. Then naked and white referring to the boys, in stanza 5, which means innocence as nakedness is a state of innocence in terms of Christianity. In the dream all their bags left behind bags represent what the boys would take to work but as it was left behind it symbolizes work being abandoned. Again god and angels are mentioned showing reference to the bible, one of the books which was most resourceful to Blake. In the last stanza of the poem it shows the long hours the young chimney sweepers do as it says we rose in the dark early hours of the morning. The very last line is very effective because it shows that the boys have been taught to think that working will bring them no harm this is ironic because the work of a chimney sweeper is harmful to them. The overall message Blake is trying to get across to his reader is the immoral manner in which these children are being treated. The second poem, The Chimney-Sweeper (experience) has many similarities between the first poem. It is not narrated by the young chimney sweeper but an on-looker which shows difference between the two poems. It also is a powerful poem trying to convey the wrong nature of child chimney sweepers. The first line of the poem is a contrast where Blake puts A little black thing with the purity and white of the snow. Similar to the first poem where soot and the white of the boys hair is also mentioned, both make use of anthisesis. This creates powerful colour imagery in the readers mind because it is such a contrasting image. The use of the word thing makes the child seem non human unable to distinguish whether it is a boy or a girl. Black is a reference usually made with corrupt and dirty. Black would imply the clothes that the boy is wearing and the black soot from the chimney that has stained his clothes, it also could mean his personality is corrupt and innocence stripped. A link is again made to the first poem where the child can not pronounce the word sweep so instead says weep giving off distress and sadness of the young child. The child is described as little to induce sympathy from the reader as it shows the childs youth. The part of the narrator is made in line 3 where he is shown as a considerate adult by asking where the childs father is. In line 4 it mentions the parents have gone to church to pray, irony is conveyed here because while the parents have gone to pray the child is suffering, showing distance. Regular church goers didnt see chimney sweeping as wrong as did many during this era, so many put their kids into this job. Stanza two line one has a great shock over the reader as the line Because I was happy confuses the reader because it says he was happy that his parents sent him to an early death. Blake throws this sentence at the reader to show how totally wrong it is to violate the purity of a child. Clothes of death the phrase represents the clothes the child has to wear when they become a chimney sweeper which quickly becomes dirty because of the soot it also suggest the fate of the boy that being death. And smiled among the winters snow the snow that surrounds the boy could represent his innocence but once it was taken away from him he became A little black thing amongst the pure snow. The last line shows how the boys have to conform taught me to sing the notes of woe it echoes poem one as the narrator also had to conform and say the notes of woe It shows the corrupt nature of society the society at this age. In the last stanza rhyme and rhythm is apparent but echoes that of a nursery rhyme again relating to the innocent poem. Rhyming is used sing and king as well as a para-rhyme with the two words injury and misery the para-rhyme stunts the poem and throws it off a constant rhythm, the effect could convey the boy as troubled and unhappy because of his hardship. Reference to religion and the church priest are made, similar to the first poem, monarchy is also mentioned by the word king the relevance these references have reflects Blakes writing as Blake did not like the way the church and monarchy largely ignored the problem, it concerned him. The three things Blake felt had failed him, was disappointed in and strongly against is shown through the last line where it says who make up a heaven of our misery. The blind uncaring nature of the monarchy and church is shown by the line they think they have done me no injury The message conveyed in this poem is apparent at the end of the poem where monarchy and the church are attacked and blamed for the cruelty act of chimney sweeping children. How both have power over many yet do nothing to stop it, Blake effectively shows it by putting it in the perspective of a youth as it evokes more sympathy. The structure of the poem is similar to the first poem all stanzas are written in lines of four and a similar message is conveyed where nothing is being done about the chimney sweeping children and the problem is accepted and ignored. The poem London gives background to the misery of the poor and the gulf between those in power. The title London is a metaphor since it is not solely on the people of London but about society and mankind in general. The man is dazed, wandering the streets and is hearing the cries of the ones suffering chimney sweeps, sighs of the hapless soldier and feels the society should do something about them, the man represents William Blakes views. Mans lack of freedom is apparent in this poem and is the point trying to be made. Blake believed in an equal society and the only way the human spirit could exist and grow happily, he did not believe in human oppression. Control is constantly mentioned throughout the poem. For example in the first stanza chartered is mentioned which means governed by law. It clearly says in the second line that the Thames is chartered which is impossible because you cant control a river. It shows Londons extreme extent of control at that time. Even the mention of chartered streets suggests an uptight lack of freedom setting for Blakes contemporary people. The most powerful metaphor used in this poem is mind-forged manacles found in stanza two the last line. Manacles associated with restriction unable to have absolute freedom, also a common object associated with prison, imprisonment and portraying deep human truth. Mind-forged means the manacles have been created by peoples mind set trapping everyone in restrictions that must be followed. The image created via this metaphor would be a distinct one for Blakes contemporary day because convicts would be seen on the streets making their way to prison or commonly in London, during that era, off to ships for transportation to Australia. The metaphor strongly demonstrates Blakes belief, that the lack of freedom came from the ideas and outlooks placed on them by external authority, mentally people were controlled. The repetition of the word every is a word commonly used in stanza 2 it is to emphasize that everyone is effected by this state of depression and lack of freedom. It is also written in stanza one although relating to the amount of people that have the mark of weakness and woe. Mark is another word repeated found in the first stanza it is to signify the look of distress that is etched on their faces also to mark the lines that have been created because of their worries and weakness. A reference is made that links to The Chimney-Sweeper innocence and experience; this portrays Blakes obvious strong disagreement with the treatment of child chimney sweepers as he mentions them a lot. The next line in stanza 3 says Every blackning church appalls churches at that time were black because of the pollution present and soot coming from the chimneys. On a deeper meaning it could be said that the churches ignorant behavior towards the chimney sweepers problem has blackened them with shame. The irony is that the church is meant to be helpful place where many seek for help but the church chose to ignore and over look the problem. This is what Blake noticed unlike the people living in his society. The second strong image that is painted to the reader is the hapless soldiers sigh They show weakness and woe because they had fought in the French revolution and Runs in blood down palace walls Blake is trying to show that by oppressing freedom of speech, in England, at that time by the government the unhappiness of the English soldier could, its causes were ignored, lead to similar bloodshed here. Images of darkness are made similar to Blakes poems of the Chimney Sweeper (Experience) and (Innocence) through midnight streets The last image that Blake highlights has a shock factor because it talks about child prostitution. This can be seen as a type of child labour similar to Blakes view of the child chimney-sweepers, however instead they are child prostitutes. Also both youths lose their innocence through what society decides to ignore. Youthful harlots emphasises their youth and harlots gives a biblical tone. Blasts the new-born infants tear shows the birth of the child is not a happy event but a curse for the prostitute as it wasnt born out of love but through commerce. The new-born will only mean having to support the child with money, which these young children didnt have, it just continued the cycle of misery. The marriage hearse an oxymoron, what Blake is trying to convey is that the wedding carriage is basically a hearse leading to a kind of death. Men usually didnt marry out of love so would be unfaithful to their wives, they would usually contract a disease from the young harlot, said as the plague in the poem, and then pass it on to their wives and any babies that the married couple may want to have. This contradicts the idea of marriage which is a time that is meant to symbolise joy the contradiction is apparent through the word hearse Blake makes many of his messages clear in this poem, such as the abuse of child prostitutes by cruel adults and the abuse of chimney sweepers. He does this by stating their sad emotion, chimney sweepers cry the hapless soldiers sigh and youthful harlots curse these descriptions have a strong effect on the reader as they simply explain the hardship different people are going through. Blake makes sure he bases it on a wide range of people to convey to his reader that it is affecting everyone not just a small group of society. The Title of the poem The Human Abstract is a poem about the human spirit; abstract suggests non definite intangible quality found in the human brain. He uses a tree to represent the human brain and how it is easily controlled. Blake uses nature to convey his ideas this is shown in the poem A poison tree as well as this poem. His respect for nature is apparent and makes him a romantic writer. The poem has constant rhythm; the rhythm change helps present subject and tone. This poem is hard to understand and the least easy to depict the social message compared to the evil of anger, which Blake explains in A Poison Tree. The structure of Blakes poem consists of 6 stanzas and simple lines to convey his complicated messages. The rhyme scheme is ABAB although odd Para-rhymes are present for example fly and mystery. Many components of this poem echo the bible such as imagery and words. The first stanza has an arrogant tone one which is strange to Blakes writing. The reason for this verse is to show the attitude of several people in the society Blake was living in. A different tone to the rest of the poem is given where the phrases are stated as facts. Blake through the first stanza states that pity, an act of compassion, would not be possible if someone was not poor. Although Blake chose the word make as if society forces people into poverty so they can receive pity. The same is done with the word Mercy if mercy was not present if everyone was happy. Blake could be describing the way life was and trying to put across his message in an ironic way by placing it in the uncaring tone. The stanza is relevant to contemporary times but would shock many in Blakes time because British society was built on the principles of clear inequality, Blake certainly didnt approve of this inequality. An immediate tone change is made after the first stanza where the rest of the poem argues with stanza 1. Through out this poem Blake uses a lot of antithesis, also done in The Chimney-Sweeper, for example selfish love through these controversy phrases and words Blake might be trying to show everyone has an ulterior motive to anything which is usual an act of good nature. He puts mutual fear and peace in the same line trying to convey that there is only peace because would-be enemies are living in fear of each other. Blake makes good use of personification, Cruelty knits a snare, and the use of the word cruelty adds an uneasy quality. Cruelty in this poem is suggesting that all of us have some of this quality in each of us. The suggestion is that Cruelty makes a knitted snare and spreads his bait with care. The image is a strong one because the word choice is odd, knit and care is often associated with care and to place it with cruelty and bait makes it sinister. It then moves onto cruelty sitting with holy fears and watering the ground, to grow the plant, with tears Again images created are vivid and help explain his ideas, things seen as good acts and kindness have been transformed and linked with pitiless words to make it menacing. The tree that is growing is being made up of unappealing qualities Humility takes its roots. To show the tree is not something of beauty and nature soon spreads the dismal shade The colour image created is darkness and creates mystery, often used in Blakes poetry, darkness and mystery foretells the unknown which scares many because it links with fear. Nature is apparent by the mention of a caterpillar and fly which feed on the mystery, they could represent the idea of corruption and sickness. Biblical reference is often pinpointed by Blake, fruit of deceit this reminds us of the Garden of Eden and the fall from grace. This once more makes the reader see the tree as sinister with the inviting fruit that is actually deceitful. Mentioning of the raven conveys bad things as it is seen as a symbol of death. The raven is creating a nest with the thickest shade suggests mystery and shadows of the Human Abstract described. The word Thickest shows its the worst of death and that it is inevita ble. The last line of the poem obviously states the concept of the whole poem that the mysterious tree that has been growing made up of cruelty; humility etc is simply found in the human mind. Blake conveys that its existence is metaphorical rather than literal but the use of a tree shows the stages of growth and how the things surrounding it affect the way it is. The last line is very simple, conflicting with the rest of the poem, and accepting of this idea it shows the accepting nature of the society that Blake was surrounded by. The abstract way in which Blake described the human mind is far from clear given life isnt clear so the poem represents a humans life. The next poem is A Poison Tree a simple poem able to hold and reveal complicated messages. A Poison tree shares the nature aspect with The Human abstract the idea of a tree growing. Although The human abstract tree represents good and evil being part of every ones spirit and mind. In A Poison Tree the growing tree symbolises the growing of hate when anger is not expressed. The title is a central metaphor; its ironic because trees arent perceived as poisonous. The poem A Poison Tree is about anger and if kept inside could grow and become poisonous to one and others. Reference to the bible, like in The Human Abstract, is constantly made and the reader has to have some amount of knowledge on the bible, many in Blakes time understood his references as the bible was the most common book. All through out this poem the rhyming scheme is AABB. Similar to The Human abstract William Blakes mention of nature is common, linking him to the Romantic Movement. Blake conveys, simply, in the first stanza that when angry with your friend you express to them your anger and it will end. He put it simply by using the two words friend and end. Although it is a different situation when angry with your foe, by not expressing his feelings to his foe the anger grew insinuated through the words foe and grow It has a nursery rhyme like quality with simple choice of language and regular rhythmic words. Child-like ton is present I was angry He indicate that his anger and hatred has taken the form of a tree by the term watered By watering the plant with his tears and fears (metaphorically) it will encourage his hatred. The smiles and deceitful wiles represents the sunshine, simple natural metaphor. It could also represent the false attitude towards the foe. The tree then bears an apple, indication of the bible, the story of Adam and Eve where the couple is forbidden to eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge the fruit being an apple. The apple, since it is forbidden is tempting. In this poem the apple is suspicious when it is described as shiny; shiny also makes the apple seem tempting. The foe steels the apple because he knew that it was mine. Darkness is again mentioned in Blakes poem when night had veiled, it is also mentioned in London to represent sinister acts. The narrator is cunning because he uses the apple to capture the enemy knowing that he would eat it because it belonged to him. A sense of immediacy is brought to our attention in the last two lines by the use of enjambment and quick change from past to present. The narrator finds his enemy dead after eating the tempting apple. At this point he is pleased Glad I see My foe outstretched beneath the tree This shocks the reader because the extent he has gone to because he did not express his anger, it then becomes apparent that the narrator is no longer feeling anger but wrath. The way he dies is quick and simple and shows anyone can feel hatred to this extent and perform this cunning deed. Simply Blake conveyed the message that if anger is expressed its good and relieving but if held, it turns into resentment, fear and hatred grows. William Blakes poems do not fit the age in which they were written as his ideas and messages he attempted to put forward have a contemporary outlook. The poems reflect the type of society Blake was living in. In each poem he expresses different controversial ideas; In The Chimney-Sweep Innocence and Experience he puts forward the immoral use of child labourers by putting it in the perspective of a child. In London it is stated how people are controlled easily and how he was against inequality. The message in The Human Abstract however complicated, talks about the human mind and how good and evil are two correlating things. Lastly in A Poison Tree Blake makes it clear that hate, to the extent of wrath, can be present in anyone, and that fear can grow into hate if not expressed. Today Blakes views would not be condemned and most would agree with his ideas. William Blakes views were strongly portrayed in his poems through his poetic devices, language, tone and structure.

the life of Dorothy Day :: essays research papers

Dorothy was born in Brooklyn, New York on November 8 1897. In 1906 her family survived the San Francisco earthquake and her and her family took a drastic change in lifestyle conditions after Day’s father became unemployed and they were forced to move into a small flat in Chicago’s South Side. After seeing the shame her father felt with unemployment sparked her vocation to help the poor. Originally Day, in high school rejected organized religion because she claimed she never saw these â€Å"Religious people† helping the poor. Her religious development was a slow process but eventually she became a very devoted catholic. She Saw the Catholic Church as â€Å"the church of immigrants, the church of the poor† This calling and strong beliefs in the teaching of God encouraged Day to help those who were poor and unemployed. With this in mind and her experience, strong faith and family past Dorothy started a paper known as The Catholic Worker. She sold the paper for a penny a copy â€Å"So cheap anyone could afford it† she explained. And on May 1st the first copies were issued at Union Square and by December 100 000 copies were being printed each month. The paper’s purpose was to publicise catholic social teaching and promote steps to bring about the peaceful transformation of society. By the winter the paper had received so much success homeless people began to knock on her door. Eventually an apartment was rented with space for 10 women and soon after a place for poor men. Next came a house in Greenwich Village. Then in1936 this community moved to two buildings in China town. The charity became a national movement. There were 33 Catholic worker houses spread across the country because of the depression there were many people in need of these places. Day took these people in â€Å"As members of her family†. As a strong catholic she went to daily mass and weekly confession and regularly went on religious retreats and read the bible. Today the organisation is still running with 185 catholic worker communities which are committed to non-violence, voluntary poverty, p rayer and hospitality for the homeless, exiled, hungry and forsaken. They protest injustice, war, racism and all violence. Through Day’s protests, achievements, actions, words and writings of 8 books, 350 plus articles for journals and magazines and also over 1 000 articles for the Catholic Worker newspaper she proved to be an excellent role model for many people.

NeoMed Tech

Subject line: Describe what went right and what went wrong with this venture. Add in how you would fix the Identified problems, If this was your company. Needed Technologies developed a diagnostic device used for cardiac testing, and is headquartered in Ohio. They developed a CAD screen system to detect coronary artery disease. The company was founded in 2000 and is based in Cleveland, Ohio.Needed Technologies was faced with a lot of difficult decisions at the beginning when it came to where their product would best fit and be most successful. They ad developed a technology that could fit Into many markets, but needed to choose a product path and market. Their continued challenges occurred due to the changes In the market direction of venture capital opportunities and the funding available, all due to changes in the economy at that time.Due to the lack of funding, and a continued decline in Venture Capital funding along with a downturn in the economy; I believe had the economic situa tion been different at the time when they needed venture capital funding, the would've faced less challenges. The management team and Board of Directors were selected carefully and all had the experience and the background needed for success In the product market space. Needed Technologies had a strong business plan, and had conducted extensive research in initial planning stages.I believe based on the reading materials in this chapter; they did all the right things in the planning and early development stages. Although Needed Technologies had to contend with big name competitors and major players in the diagnostic and imaging market such as GE Medical and Philips, also located in the Ohio region; their strategy to be headquartered in Ohio was a sound decision. However, they should've investigated further in the opportunity to obtain venture capital funding outside of the Ohio region.Perhaps they could've spent more time studying competitive business cases of companies Like competit or, Heartaches, who specializes In the BEST test. The Heartaches product, although more costly, had seen success and was widely accepted in the Medical field. Despite the added cost of the Heartaches BEST test, they were seeing success in the market. One strategy change I would've considered early on was not applying all resources of their technology into one area.Needed Technologies should've considered applying their initial product development to the technology of screening for drugs, drug delivery applications or detecting cancer. These areas would've possibly allowed for a quick to market product, without the additional approvals, quality standards applied in the medical equipment space, and FDA approvals needed. Bringing a simpler product to market first could've brought in revenue to fund the long-term reduce focus off CAD screen system.The profits from a drug screening or drug delivery product could've assisted in funding their long-term product focus, they missed an opportu nity to develop a quick revenue steam. Defense space, for detection of nuclear weapons, or dirty bombs. With the shift later in Venture Capital funding opportunities, they could've experienced success in this area as well. Bottom-line, they put all their eggs in one basket; they failed to have a backup product to develop a quick revenue stream to further fund their long-term goal.However, without a crystal ball that was a difficult decision. There were clear signs of shifts in investment opportunities, the shift indicted investments being shifted towards Homeland Security, military applications, and protection from various biological and chemical threats. Needed Technologies should shift some of their resources to developing a product to fit into that area, thus allowing them the opportunity to obtain additional venture capital funding, and perhaps developing a profitable product in the Homeland Security space.The revenue stream from this reduce would allow them later to proceed wit h their CAD screen system. There was another area of investment that should've been further investigated, â€Å"Angel Investors†, most of who are Entrepreneurs themselves currently, or at some point in their career. Inviting one of the Angel investors a seat on the board, as well as leveraging the experience they have gained from starting their own company, dealing with the challenges of starting a business, and investigating further Venture capital funding areas.Needed Technologies should've reached out farther than Just the Ohio-based Venture Capital firms, this would've allowed them a broader audience of investors and opportunity. I don't believe holding off for perfection is necessarily wrong, especially when dealing with, and factoring in the value of human life. The Needed Technologies board of directors and upper level management all appeared to encompass strong ethics and while that might be a weakness to others, ethics are important and should never be compromised. T oo many companies take the short cut to success and people get hurt.

Capital Market Essay

~ Capital market is the market for leading and borrowing of medium and long term funds. ~ The demand for long-term funds comes from industry, trade, agriculture and government (central and state). ~ The supply for funds comes from individual savers, corporate savings, banks, insurance companies, specialized financial institutions and government. *SIGNIFICANCE: ~ A sound and efficient capital market is extremely vital for the economic development of a nation. ~ So, the significance of capital market has increased. ~ The following points clearly bring out the role and significance of capital market in India. i)CAPITAL FORMATION: ~ Capital market encourages capital formation as it ensures speedy economic development. The process of capital formation includes collection of saving effective mobilisation of these savings for productive investment. ~ Thus three distinctive inter-related activities i.e. collection of savings, mobilisation of savings and investment lead to capital formation in the country. ~ The volume of capital formation depend s on the efficiency and intensity with which these activities are carried on. ii) ECONOMIC GROWTH: ~ Capital market plays a vital role in the growth and development of an economy by channelising funds in developmental and productive investments. ~ The financial intermediaries channel funds into those investments that are more important for economic development. iii) INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT: ~ Capital market promotes industrial development and motivates industrial entrepreneurship. ~ It provides cheap, adequate and diversified funds for industrial purposes such as expansion, modernisation, technological upgradation, establishment of new units, etc. ~ It also provides services like provision of underwriting facilities, participation in equity capital, credit-rating, consultancy services, etc. vi) MODERNISATION AND REHABILITATION OF INDUSTRIES: ~ Capital markets also contribute towards modernisation and rehabilitation of industries. ~ Developmental financial institutions like IDBI, IFCI, ICICI, etc provide finance to industries to adopt modern techniques and new upgraded machinery. ~ They also participate in the equity capital of industries. v) RIVIVAL OF SICK UNITS: ~ Commercial and financial institutions provide adequate funds to viable sick unit to overcome their industrial sickness. ~ Bank and FIs may also write off a part of the loan or re-schedule the loan to offer payment flexibility to weak units. vi) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE: ~ The financial intermediaries in the capital market stimulate industrial entrepreneurship by providing technical and advisory services like preparation of feasibility reports, identifying growth potential, and training entrepreneurs in project management. ~ This promotes industrial investment and leads to economic development. vii) DEVELOPMENT OF BACKWARD AREAS: ~ Capital markets provide funds for projects in backward area and facilitate their economic development. ~ Long-term funds are also provided for development projects in backward / rural areas. viii) EMPLOYMENT GENERATION: ~ Capital markets provide Direct Employment in capital market related activities like stock markets, banks and financial institutions. ~ Indirect Employment is provided in all the sectors of the economy through various funds disbursed for developmental projects. ix) FOREIGN CAPITAL: ~ Capital markets make it possible to generate foreign capital by enabling Indian firms to raise capital from overseas market through bonds and other securities. ~ Such foreign exchange funds have a great impact on the economic development of the nation. ~ Moreover, foreign direct investments (FDIs) also bring in foreign capital as well as foreign technology that leads to greater economic development. x) DEVELOPMENT OF STOCK MARKETS: ~ Capital markets lead to development of stock markets by encouraging investors to invest in shares and debentures and to trade in stocks. ~ FIIs are also allowed to deal in Indian stock exchange. xi) FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: ~ Financial institutions play a major role in capital markets. ~ They provide medium / long term loan to industrial and other sectors and also undertake project feasibility studies and surveys. ~ They refinance commercial banks and rediscount their bills of exchange. ~ They provide merchant banking services. ~ They subscribe to equity capital of the firms. xii) INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY: ~ Capital markets provide various alternative sources of investment to the people. ~ People can invest in shares and debentures of public companies and earn good returns. xiii) INVESTMENT IN INDUSTRIAL SECURITIES: ~ Secondary market in securities encourage investors to invest in industrial securities by providing facilities for continuous, regular and ready buying and selling of these securities. ~ This facilitates industries to raise substantial funds from various sectors of the economy. xiv) RELIABLE GUIDE TO PERFORMANCE: ~ Capital market serves as a reliable guide to the performance of corporate institutions. ~ It values companies accurately and thus promotes efficiency. ~ This leads to efficient resource allocation and economic development. *CONCLUSION: ~ Thus we can say that capital markets play a crucial role in the economic development of a nation. ~ A sound and efficient capital market is one of the most instrumental factors in the development of a nation.

Essay on RE DO

Essay on RE DO Essay on RE DO Ivon Dimas Second Draft May 11, 2015 Re-Do Introduction Robert Dahl, a leading democratic theorist, once said: â€Å"Every member must have an equal and effective opportunity to vote, and all votes must be counted as equal†. Every four years in the month of November, citizens of America go to the polls to vote for the President and Vice President of the United States. Throughout the election, we are guaranteed one vote per person and equal voice in electing the people to serve in our government. The way the United States votes its president into office is through the Electoral College. The Electoral College is a body of people, theoretically representing the fifty states of America, who cast votes for the election of the president and vice president. Should the Electoral College be abolished? Yes, the Electoral College should be abolished for three reasons: it allows the election of a president who may not have the support of a majority of voters, gives preference to larger states, and does not give every voter an e qual voice. Definition of terms Abolished: to do away with; put an end to; annul; make void Candidate: person who seeks elected office. Congress: legislative branch of the government, responsible for making laws. The U.S. Congress has two bodies, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Election: the selection of a person or persons for office by vote. Electoral College: a body of electors chosen by the voters in each state to elect the president and vice president of the U.S. Electoral Vote: the vote cast in the electoral college of the U.S. by the representatives of each state in a presidential election. Federal government: pertaining to or of the nature of a union of states under a central government distinct from the individual governments of the separate states National Popular Vote Interstate Compact: is an agreement among several U.S. states plus the District of Columbia to allocate their presidential electors to the winner of the national popular vote under certain conditions Popular Vote: the vote for a U.S. presidential candidate made by the qualified voters, as opposed to that made by the Electoral College. Representative: a person who represents a constituency or community in a legislative body, especially a member of the U.S. House of Representatives or a lower house in certain state legislatures. Senator: a member of a senate. Winner take all: a situation or outcome wherebythe winner receives all the prizes or rewards History In 1786, the United States gained its Independence from the United Kingdom (Holcombe). This left the new-found states with a large debt to France. The governing body that led the country through the American Revolution was the Continental Congress. This body created the Articles of Confederation after the war. The articles served as the federal body, but had limited powers. One such power that they lacked was the power to tax. The articles also upheld state government over federal government. This made it increasingly hard for the young country to pay back its debt and remain united (History). In 1787, the federalists, under the leadership of Alexander Hamilton, drafted the Virgina plan to solve this problem (Smith). The plan was constructed under the idea of having a centralized federal government. Paying back France was just a noble cause. The Virginia plan proposed the two branches of legislation we know as the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House would be proportioned by population, and each state would have two representatives in the senate. The anti-federalists, proposed that such an act would destroy the newly established state governments (Holcombe). The smaller states came together and drafted a counter-plan known as the New Jersey Plan. This plan would continue to limit the power of a centralized federal government, and it would introduce no new congress (Holcombe). The latter part of their plan was put in to assure that the smaller states

Capital Punishment13 essays

Capital Punishment13 essays ?The?Capital punishment is the infliction of the death penalty on persons convicted of a crime.? This has been a topic of debate for many years. ?Why do we kill people to prove killing people is wrong The 1st argument I have against capital punishment is that it's unconstitutional. Every person has an equal right tolife, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.? This is a quote from American Civil Liberty Union National Office,Capital punishment is a barbaric remnant of an uncivilized society. It is immoral in principle, and unfair and discriminatory in practice.? Does the government have the right to kill? Maybe in self defense, like a policeman firing on a armed and dangerous criminal. Suppose we apply the same standards to the government that we have for civilians. A civilian has the right to shoot at an intruder as he is entering his home but if the civilian catches the intruder and has him under his control, the shooting him would be considered murder. That's what capital punishment is...simple murder. Against: I agree that capital punishment is a relic of barbarism but as murder itself is barbaric, death is a fitting punishment for it. It goes along with the ?eye for an eye? principle. For example, someone steals $10 from you and then the person who stole your money has the same thing happen to them? Doesn't that satisfy you? Many feel the same about murders who are sentence to die. The criminal has brought the punishment upon himself, they The 8th amendment of the us constitution, condemn gruel and unusual punishment is used to protest capital punishment. For:: When the constitution was drafted, capital punishment was practiced widely in this country, yet it was not specified as wrong or as cruel and unusual. John Locke went as far to say that murder is ...

Battle of Quebec in the American Revolution

Battle of Quebec in the American Revolution The Battle of Quebec was fought on the night of December 30/31, 1775 during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Beginning in September 1775, the invasion of Canada was the first major offensive operation conducted by American forces during the war. Initially led by Major General Philip Schuyler, the invading force  departed Fort Ticonderoga and commenced an advance down (northward) the Richelieu River toward Fort St. Jean. Initial attempts to reach the fort proved abortive and an increasingly ill Schuyler was compelled to turn over command to Brigadier General Richard Montgomery. A distinguished veteran of the French and Indian War, Montgomery resumed the advance on September 16 with 1,700 militia. Arriving at Fort St. Jean three days later, he laid siege and forced the garrison to surrender on November 3. Though a victory, the length of the siege badly delayed the American invasion effort and saw many suffer from sickness. Pressing on, the Americans occupied Montreal without a fight on November 28. Armies Commanders: Americans Brigadier General Richard MontgomeryColonel Benedict ArnoldColonel James Livingston900 men British Governor Sir Guy Carleton1,800 men Arnolds Expedition To the east, a second American expedition fought its way north through the Maine wilderness. Organized by Colonel Benedict Arnold, this force of 1,100 men had been picked from the ranks of General George Washingtons Continental Army outside Boston. Proceeding from Massachusetts to the mouth of the Kennebec River, Arnold had expected the trek north through Maine to take around twenty days. This estimate was based on a rough map of the route developed by Captain  John Montresor in 1760/61. Moving north, the expedition soon suffered due to the poor construction of their boats and the faulty nature of Montresors maps. Lacking adequate supplies, starvation set in and the men were reduced to eating shoe leather and candle wax. Of the original force, only 600 eventually reached the St. Lawrence. Nearing Quebec, it quickly became clear that Arnold lacked the men needed to take the city and that the British were aware of their approach. British Preparations Withdrawing to Pointe aux Trembles, Arnold was forced to wait for reinforcements and artillery. On December 2, Montgomery descended the river with around 700 men and united with Arnold.   Along with reinforcements, Montgomery brought four cannon, six mortars, additional ammunition, and winter clothing for Arnolds men. Returning to the vicinity of Quebec, the combined American force laid siege to the city on December 6. At this time, Montgomery issued the first of several surrender demands to the Governor-General of Canada, Sir Guy Carleton.   These were dismissed out of hand by Carleton who instead looked to improve the citys defenses. Outside of the city, Montgomery endeavored to construct batteries, the largest of which was completed on December 10. Due to the frozen ground, it was constructed from blocks of snow. Though a bombardment commenced, it did little damage. As days passed, Montgomery and Arnolds situation became increasingly desperate as they lacked the heavy artillery to conduct a traditional siege, their mens enlistments would soon be expiring, and British reinforcements likely would arrive in the spring. Seeing little alternative, the two began planning an attack on the city. They hoped that if they advanced during a snowstorm, they would be able to scale Quebecs walls undetected. Within its walls, Carleton possessed a garrison of 1,800 regulars and militia. Aware of American activities in the area, Carleton made efforts to enhance the citys formidable defenses by erecting a series of barricades. The Americans Advance To assault the city, Montgomery and Arnold planned on advancing from two directions. Montgomery was to attack from the west, moving along the St. Lawrence waterfront, while Arnold was to advance from the north, marching along the St. Charles River. The two were to reunite at point where the rivers joined and then turn to attack the city wall. To divert the British, two militia units would make feints against Quebecs western walls. Moving out on December 30, the assault began after midnight on the 31st during a snowstorm. Advancing past the Cape Diamond Bastion, Montgomerys force pressed into the Lower Town where they encountered the first barricade. Forming to attack the barricades 30 defenders, the Americans were stunned when the first British volley killed Montgomery. A British Victory In addition to killing Montgomery, the volley struck down his two chief subordinates. With their general down, the American attack faltered and the remaining officers ordered a withdrawal. Unaware of Montgomerys death and the attacks failure, Arnolds column pressed on from the north. Reaching the Sault au Matelot, Arnold was hit and wounded in the left ankle. Unable to walk, he was carried to the rear and command was transferred to Captain Daniel Morgan. Successfully taking the first barricade they encountered, Morgans men moved into the city proper. Continuing the advance, Morgans men suffered from damp gunpowder and had difficulty navigating the narrow streets. As a result, they paused to dry their powder. With Montgomerys column repulsed and Carletons realization that the attacks from the west were a diversion, Morgan became the focus of the defenders activities. British troops counterattacked in the rear and retook the barricade before moving through the streets to surround Morgans men. With no options remaining, Morgan and his men were forced to surrender. Aftermath The Battle of Quebec cost the Americans 60 dead and wounded as well as 426 captured. For the British, casualties were a light 6 killed and 19 wounded. Though the assault failed, American troops remained in the field around Quebec. Rallying the men, Arnold attempted to lay siege to the city. This proved increasingly ineffective as men began to desert following the expiration of their enlistments. Though he was reinforced, Arnold was forced to fall back following the arrival of 4,000 British troops under Major General John Burgoyne. After being defeated at Trois-Rivià ¨res on June 8, 1776, American forces were forced to retreat back into New York, ending the invasion of Canada.

The Spectacle of Terror Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Spectacle of Terror - Essay Example Now a day, violence on television has become concrete representation of class conflict in the society. The easy accessibility to the media technology helped quickly revealing many significant events across the country. For instance, the police trial and consequent unrest in Los Angeles, the Rodney King beating, and the 9/11, together with the alarming revelation of the country’s vulnerability towards international terrorist attacks. The media has become an integral part of the real and essential assemblies of various social institutions like, hospitals, schools, political, administrative and military systems, even in religions. The media has the power to lead gathering and transmitting news, advertising, conducting campaigns. In the same way, there is a widely accepted belief that â€Å"those who make the headlines have the power.† Moreover, the media plays significant role for successfully conducting and executing wars, educational programs, entertainment, and socializ ation. The influences the media have on such social enterprises are legitimate points for evaluating the impacts of saturation too. Even though the general individual homicide rates in U.S. have been steady for many years, there is an increase in the number of school-aged children towards homicidal attitudes. Since 1980s, there have been a sudden rise in the gun-related homicides among the teens and several publicized murders have taken place in schools making the issue too complicated to handle. The violence among youth is attributed to the permutation of various factors, which impede their emotional ad social developments. Obviously, visual media has played a great role in creating such drastic situation. Today, visual media has become an invasive element of American family life, and symbolic violence illustrated in such medium has become a significant social issue. Therefore, such obvious revelation underlines the question of media’s ability to form awareness and attitude within the mass, especially the youth. We find it too hard to form counterbalancing factors to the violent death themes exemplified by the media. Moreover, the ability to discrete between fantasy and reality is very less in the children, adversely affecting them by creating misconception of death in their mind. Hence, consequences are getting enlarged in an age of media modernization, expansion, and saturation. When the media content is in progress with technology and culture, it influences the method in which reality is comprehended. The modern perceptive and assessment of violence at the hands of government representatives and terrorists are customized and memorized by the present media technologies. In the same way, visual media often undergoes a phenomenon called â€Å"disaster marathons,† days and weeks of intense and continuous media coverage of massive tragedies such as, the 9/11 and its aftermath. In the opinion of Fischoff (2005), it creates all kind of possible dest ructive consequences on viewers and on journalists’ ethics due to the emotionally saturated over coverage of these traumatizing events. Undoubtedly, the media passes on entertainment and related diversions to all segments of people. The foremost audio-visual medium that

Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Case Analysis - Essay Example One another importance service provided by BizRate was research on the market performance of the companies. The web portal made use of the customized survey forms filed by the customers to tabulate the research findings. These research findings acquired much market demand as it helped the companies to analyse their market performance and strategies. In October 1999, BizRate released a new website which had added features like merchandising and referral services. The company along with its listed merchants gained remarkably huge response for this innovation. The pace of market involvement and revenue generation was accelerated through this creative effort. This prophesied the scope that the company would have in ecommerce. However a concentration on ecommerce would mean that the company will have to drop out its research services as managing both effectively would not be possible within the capacity of the company. BizRate is thus in a very important stage where they are to take a cru cial management decision pertaining to the primary focus of the company. Given the advantage that the company gained after lodging newer features like merchandising and referral services, the company and its management has felt the scope that its holds as a ecommerce company. There had been substantial increase in the revenue as well, after the implementation of the new features. However so as to concentrate more on ecommerce, the company will have to completely drop out the research services for which it was renowned for. As the manpower had attained optimal exploration for the sake of research services, it was not possible for the company to equally concentrate on both research and ecommerce with the existing facilities. The company had to fix their primary focus on either of the business operations. The case study does not provide data

Globalisation has not reduced diversity in industrial relations Essay

Globalisation has not reduced diversity in industrial relations - Essay Example Thus there has been divergence in industrial relations in terms of labor market institutions and different approaches adopted by countries for structuring. All these facts help to support our argument that globalization has not reduced diversity in industrial relations. Globalization refers to only one connection system existing for the entire globe. Such a system can exist between commodity and capital markets and with respect to flow of information. With the emergence of globalization in the current period it can be termed as the global age (Cooper 2001). The era of globalization has allowed business houses to acquire investors from across borders and expand their businesses. Globalization has allowed countries to develop with spreading technologies and has helped to develop global capital markets (Blanpain 2009, 196). There has been internationalization of businesses mainly with promotion of international trade. But still it is found that globalization has not been that effective when it comes to industrial relations between Asian and Western countries. The strategies adopted for the industrialization and the role of the state has been different for both the type of countries. This has not let the two types of countries converge in terms of thei r industrial relations (De Silva n.d). The South Asian country, such as Malaysia, and the Western country of the United States can be cited as examples where globalization has not been able to reduce diversities that are concerned with industrial relations and has led to more divergence. The current paper tends to argue in favor of this issue through various findings and analysis. Globalization has invented and led to usage of technically advanced techniques for the countries, especially the developed countries. This has in fact led to more divergence between the developed Western countries and the

Seven Steps to Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Seven Steps to Health - Essay Example ve and maintaining a healthy weight; following cancer screening guidelines; and visiting a healthcare professional, upon noticing changes in the normal state of health. Most people disregard these steps because of ignorance and inadequate financial resources. Ignorance makes some sidestep health-related matters, thinking that they are too healthy or too young to fall ill. It is the same ignorance that deludes many into thinking that one should only consider these steps when sick. Financial constraints may make accessing healthcare professionals, following cancer screening guidelines and accessing good diet a mere mirage. To promote better health practices, it is important that measures are set in place to have the media airing more health-related content. Given that this will be restricted to a matter of volition when it comes to privately owned media houses, the government can craft, pass and implement policies that will enhance the publicizing of the health-related content. This move will be necessary since the media (both electronic and print) media play pivotal and dominant roles in creating health awareness. It is also imperative that all the gains provided for in the 2010 Healthcare Reforms Act are safeguarded. Only this way, will the less privileged or low income earners be able to access healthcare professionals and follow cancer screening guidelines, irrespective of financial

Improving the Performance of a Team Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Improving the Performance of a Team - Assignment Example Technical factors include understanding the mission, spelling out goals, and developing activities critical to success of the goal. To improve the functioning of a particular team, these factors have to be addressed. The following steps go towards improving the performance of a team. A project team is subject to group dynamics because of an assembly of individuals with diverse talents and commitments. The most common problems faced by work teams arise from: Different points of view, role conflicts, implicit power struggles, and groupthink which compromises decisions in favour of unanimity. (Nurick, 2001) There are many other problems that may arise due to behavioural and skill factors. Performance measures need to be devised taking both performance factors and process factors into account. The performance measures would measure the performance/outcome factors which may be: Team cohesion; Improvement orientation like creativity, forward thinking, proactivity; and Team achievements. Team process factors, which also affect the performance of a team includes factors such as: Team relationships, team focus, approach to performance, leadership style, team discipline, team decision making, team confidence, value of contributions, decision focus, social contact, process focus, and lastly, consistency. Team performance is also related to attractiveness of performance, agreement with team goals, team goal level, and willingness to use cross-training, perceived participation, team efficacy, and team commitment. Some factors which also need to be measured are: 1. Team member dispositions - Studies have indicated that employees' need for achievement, need for affiliation, aggressiveness towards other people and the value placed on autonomy affect the team in a lot of ways. 2. Team process skills - process skills include skills like communication, leadership, goal setting, problem solving, and conflict resolution skills. 3. Employee perceptions about the team - This includes perceptions about team efficacy, and perceived participation. 4. Goals and goal commitments - this includes factors like team goal level, goal commitment, agreement with team goal, and performance expectations. 5. Attractiveness of performance and self efficacy. (Scott and Townsend, 1994) Measures that take the above factors into account can help assess how the team would fare in a task and what is to be done to improve its performance. Step 2: Making the Team and Planning Work Activities The second step to enhancing team performance involves the selection and training of the team and planning the work activities for the team. Selection: To ensure team effectiveness one criterion for selection of members of a team is interpersonal skills. Other criteria would include the member disposition, member skill sets, commitment to goals, and other such factors. This can be done by using the performance measures devised in the first step. Training: The next step would involve training the team in product knowledge, time management; interpersonal skills like listening, assertiveness, and conflict management skills; creativity; meeting deadlines; energy and determination; reporting and administration; personal appearance and image; steadiness under pressure, and such other factors. In addition to receiving training in skills they should be empowered to use

Hillside casr study 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hillside casr study 3 - Essay Example The system holds relevant capacity and it is set to improve cash management. It seeks to streamline cash collection, Administration of records and determination of discount figures that would be sustainable. It is significant for the financial administrators at Hillside school to establish and understand the processes that the new billing system presents. This is to enable development of accurate decisions on when and at what point they should issue the discount with an aim to eliminate misappropriations or realization of dismal performance in the future. In particular, the new system presents a streamlined structure that defines cash collection effectively. The structure enables individuals to make credible choices from the available options based on set guidelines to boost performance (Barnard, 2008). The administration in a pursuit to improve student enrolment and effective collection of cash seeks to employ a discount strategy for individuals who make fixed payments. This is to ensure early payment of fees by students that would help in facilitating effective financial planning. In any setting, provision of cash discount influence consumers positively. Indeed, the new billing system presents a credible cash collection department where the discount figure should be developed. That is, the discount provided to fixed payees should be sorted at the accounts department to promote accuracy and accountability. The process would foster efficiency and effectiveness in terms of fee payment and collection. The school plans to give 5% discount to students who make prompt payments basic on fixed terms. The figure shows the cash transaction system where fee is collected from tuition and after care service centers. The system is to be upgraded with a discount payment program to facilitate the new initiative that is aimed at encouraging prompt payments. It stipulates that 5% discount is to be provided to students who make

Improving the Performance of a Team Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Improving the Performance of a Team - Assignment Example Technical factors include understanding the mission, spelling out goals, and developing activities critical to success of the goal. To improve the functioning of a particular team, these factors have to be addressed. The following steps go towards improving the performance of a team. A project team is subject to group dynamics because of an assembly of individuals with diverse talents and commitments. The most common problems faced by work teams arise from: Different points of view, role conflicts, implicit power struggles, and groupthink which compromises decisions in favour of unanimity. (Nurick, 2001) There are many other problems that may arise due to behavioural and skill factors. Performance measures need to be devised taking both performance factors and process factors into account. The performance measures would measure the performance/outcome factors which may be: Team cohesion; Improvement orientation like creativity, forward thinking, proactivity; and Team achievements. Team process factors, which also affect the performance of a team includes factors such as: Team relationships, team focus, approach to performance, leadership style, team discipline, team decision making, team confidence, value of contributions, decision focus, social contact, process focus, and lastly, consistency. Team performance is also related to attractiveness of performance, agreement with team goals, team goal level, and willingness to use cross-training, perceived participation, team efficacy, and team commitment. Some factors which also need to be measured are: 1. Team member dispositions - Studies have indicated that employees' need for achievement, need for affiliation, aggressiveness towards other people and the value placed on autonomy affect the team in a lot of ways. 2. Team process skills - process skills include skills like communication, leadership, goal setting, problem solving, and conflict resolution skills. 3. Employee perceptions about the team - This includes perceptions about team efficacy, and perceived participation. 4. Goals and goal commitments - this includes factors like team goal level, goal commitment, agreement with team goal, and performance expectations. 5. Attractiveness of performance and self efficacy. (Scott and Townsend, 1994) Measures that take the above factors into account can help assess how the team would fare in a task and what is to be done to improve its performance. Step 2: Making the Team and Planning Work Activities The second step to enhancing team performance involves the selection and training of the team and planning the work activities for the team. Selection: To ensure team effectiveness one criterion for selection of members of a team is interpersonal skills. Other criteria would include the member disposition, member skill sets, commitment to goals, and other such factors. This can be done by using the performance measures devised in the first step. Training: The next step would involve training the team in product knowledge, time management; interpersonal skills like listening, assertiveness, and conflict management skills; creativity; meeting deadlines; energy and determination; reporting and administration; personal appearance and image; steadiness under pressure, and such other factors. In addition to receiving training in skills they should be empowered to use

Prepareabriefingnoteforacolleaguewhohasjustbeenpromotedintoaleadership Essay

Prepareabriefingnoteforacolleaguewhohasjustbeenpromotedintoaleadership positionwithinyourorganization,oranorganizationwithwhichyouarefamiliar.Thenoteshould adviseyourcolleagueonwhatlead - Essay Example Secondly, I will brief him on the leadership theories that he could adopt for the effective management of the organisation. Thirdly, I will brief him on team work that is known to be one of the most important aspects of success within contemporary organisations. Finally, I will look into the culture of the organisation and how it impacts on decision-making. There are three important organisational theories namely scientific management, classical and bureaucratic theories. The bureaucratic theory is an impersonal framework and it could have its advantages and disadvantages within the organisation (Argyris, 2012:56). Excluding emotions within the organisation could infringe on creativity among the employees and minimizes the level of conflicts and could be the best approach while dealing with official matters in the business. The second theory is scientific management. This theory mainly focuses on employee motivation within the organisation (Barkin, 2006:13). Employee motivation is viewed as one of the major contributing factors towards success within the company. This is owing to the fact that a motivated work force works hard towards achieving the entity’s goals and objectives (Owens, 2007). This theory however notes that the major aspect contributing to employee motivation is based on compensation. Money is an important motiva ting factor among employees. However, it can be noted that other factors play an important part in employee motivation as well (Owens, 2007). The last theory is the Classical theory that is the most practical for the current situation. This concept takes the idea of employee motivation into a new level (Winkler, 2010:14). This is done by taking beliefs, ideals, values as well as the need for employee satisfaction into consideration (Owens, 2007). This is because intrinsic and extrinsic factors of motivation are important in employee motivation and satisfaction. However, the theory has a major weakness in that it employs

Learning styles Essay Example for Free

Learning styles Essay Overview 1. What are learning styles? 2. Why learning styles are important? 3. What are the different learning style classifications available? 4. What are the similarities and differences between different learning style classifications? 5. What is/are your learning style/s? 6. What is/are the most appropriate learning method/s for your learning style/s? 1. What are learning styles? ? Learning style is an approach to learning ? It is not how you learn; i. e. not the method of learning ? It is, rather, how you prefer learning; i. e. what are  the broad strategies of learning that you prefer Which of the following two statements illustrates a learning style? I like lectures – this is not a learning style, but a preference for a method I like to gain knowledge by listening to others – this is a learning style; preference for an approach 2. Why learning styles are important? ? Matching learning methods to learning styles ? Developing a learning organisation/network in which students adapt change learn ? Developing individual learning plans ? Self-development for individuals? Assessing suitability for specific training courses ? Training the trainer ? Team building, looking at team strengths weaknesses ? 360 degree appraisal 3. What are the different learning style classifications available? ? There are more than half-a-dozen learning style classifications ? This shows that there is no one-best way to learn ? Rather, based on the individual needs and the personality traits, the approach that one takes to learning differs ? Out of the many learning style classifications, there are two that are commonly used 1. VARK classification 11. Classification based on Kolb’s cycle I. VARK learning styles Visual learner Auditory learner Reading/writing Kinaesthetic learner Action-oriented Thinkers II. Kolb’s learning styles Reflector Theorist Activist Pragmatist 4. What are the similarities and differences between different learning style classifications? ? All classifications aim at a common cause/outcome – so, to this extent, there cannot be major differences ? However, there are differences related to the orientation of learning or the angle through which learning is viewed. VARK – based on the sensory input for learning / how we capture learning Kolb’s – based on the cognition/ how we understand VARK vs Kolb: an approximate comparison Theorists Reflectors Pragmatists Activists 5. What is/are your learning style/s? 1. Go to: http://www. varklearn. com/english/page. asp? p=questionnaire 2. Answer the questionnaire and get a score 3. Interpret the score to find out your dominant learning styles 6. What is/are the most appropriate learning strategies for your learning style/s? 1. Form groups that have similar dominant learning  styles. 2. Individually make a list (in priority order) of your preferred learning methods 3. Compare your list with the others in the group 4. Find out the three most preferred learning methods of the group (in priority order) Summary 1. What are learning styles? Approach to learning 2. Why learning styles are important? To know the best learning method to adopt 3. What are the different learning style classifications available? VARK / Kolb’s 4. What are the similarities and differences between different learning style classifications? VARK – sensory input based; Kolb’s – cognition based 5. What is/are your learning style/s? Usually a combination of learning styles 6. What is/are the most appropriate learning method/s for your learning style/s? Though broadly similar, methods may differ even within the same learning style References †¢ Fleming, N. D. (2001). Teaching and learning styles: VARK strategies. Christchurch , New Zealand : N. D. Fleming. †¢ Kolb, D. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs , NJ : PrenticeHall.

Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of 5-halogeno Pyrimidine

Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of 5-halogeno Pyrimidine SOLID STATE MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF N-DERIVATIVES OF 5-HALOGENO SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINE 2, 4 DIONE BY TAHIRA SAGHIR ABSTRACT This study will report the synthesis of some substituted 5-halogenated pyrimidine 2,4dione by conventional and solid state microwave assisted methods. Derivitization of 5-halogenated pyrimidine,2,4 dione give predominately N1and N3-subsituted compounds where R may be the alkyl ,aryl, allyl, acyl, cyclohexenyleetc. 5-halogenated pyrimidine 2,4 dione derivatives represent the new group of anticancer and antibacterial agents with potential for development of medicinal application. The application of solid state microwaves to organic synthesis is opening up new opportunities for the synthetic chemist by providing new routes. High consumption of chemicals for prolonged time has adverse effecton environment. This is the key reason to adopt solvent free condition i.e. eco-friendly microwave assisted solid state synthetic routes. Introduction Microwave irradiation has emerged as powerful tool for organic synthesis. In concern with a rapidly expanding applications base, microwave synthesis can be effectively applied to any type of chemistry resulting in faster reaction time from minutes to seconds and improved product yield. The environmental protection has become a global concern and chemical industry is increasingly searching the ways of developing and applying more efficiently and environmentally begins strategies for future sustainable growth. An important part of present effort towards eco friendly synthesis is aimed at reduction of use of solvents as in classical procedures. For this purpose in organic synthesis solid support has made a land mark as the reaction can be performed in dry media or solvent free conditions. Further usage of solid support in conjunction with microwave leads to high yield remarkable reaction rate enhancement high catalytic activity with optimum utilization of energy. The solvent less approach provide an opportunity to conduct selective organic functional group transformation more efficiently and also allows the work to conductin open vessel thus avoiding the risk of high pressure development. 5-halogenated pyrimidine 2,4dione is used as an anticancer agent. A major difference between cancer cells and normal cells are that the cancer cells divide much more rapidly. Rapidly dividing cells require a constant new supply of DNA is the nucleoside,deoxythimidine,which is synthesized in the cell by methylation of uridine. Flouro uracil is administrated to a cancer patient as part of chemotherapy. The body convert it in to flourouridinegreatly decreasing DNA synthesis. A number of pyrimidine bases possess anti viral and anti cancer activities. In addition N1and N3-di substituted 5 halogenated pyrimidine2,4dione also exhibit anticancer , antibacterial and anti fungalactivities. Literature Review Zeng and his coworkersstudied on activity and structure of co-relation which are useful to drug discovery. By modifying the nature and position of substituent or pyrimidine and theirderivatives, a change in biological activity is observed. The synthesis of organic compound and pharmacological evaluation of these compound have been described by them, they have synthesized large number of compound using different reaction condition i.e. liquid phase reaction and solid phase1. Stefeny,PaulaM and their coworkers applied microwave assisted organic synthesis in many formats ranging from traditional solution phase to solvent free reactions2. Verma and Rajender Singh made solvent free synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. They reported that microwave enhanced solvent free synthetic approach has many advantages. These advantages aresimplicity,manipulative ease of the operation and conservation of solvent .A variety of solid state reactions are described that occur rapidly at ambient pressure under solventless conditions and provide ready access to intermediates such as enamines and tosyloxyketones which can be transformed in situ to biologically significant heterocyclic compounds such as isoflav-3-enes, flavones, quinolones, 2-aroylbenzo[b]furans and thiazoles in one-pot operation. Multicomponent reactions under these solvent-free conditions can be adapted for high speed parallel synthesis and are exemplified by assembly of dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-ones (Biginelli reaction) and imidazo[1,2-a]annulated pyridines, pyrazines and pyrimidines (Ugi reaction) which may have potential in building a library of such compounds3. Verma et al. 2009 found that microwave enhanced solvent free synthatic approach has the features: simplicity manipulative ease of the operation and conservation of solvents as the main advantage. This eco friendly approach is found as an application in facile organic functional group transformation is applied to rapid assembly of hetrocyclic compounds4. Filler and Roberts postulated the importance of fluore containing compounds synthesis in bio and medicinal chemistry e.g. amino acid,anti canceragents,nucleosides, centeral nervous system agents and anesthetic agents5. Sugiyama,H,etal.explained 5 iodo uracil containing DNA-zalpha complex showed photo reactivity. For the high tendency binding it was observed that NH2 terminusZ-alpha and double strained RNA was very profound respectively. In the absence the incidence of Z-alpha,to relate the structure of Z-DNA induced by Zalpha,were perceived in comparison to that with high salt concentration,than the hydroxylated product was meritoriously produced in it specified by Z-alpha.6 Zhan,etal. have made the solvent and catalyst-free synthesis of dihydropyrimidione in one pot conditions under focused microwave irradiation in 2008.7 Andre Loupy has defined microwave chemistry as â€Å"the science of applying microwave irradiation to chemical reaction’’8.In literature we found that initiallyRichard Gedye and coworkers have described the use of microwave irradiation for organic synthesis.After Richard then number of other scientist in the field of organic chemistry reported in detail about various organic reactions which were performed by using this technology. Various reactions in literatureinclude Alkylation,Esterification,Sponification,Condensation ,Oxidation.Reduction.Cycloaddition,Rearrangments,N-acylations,and Olefination.9 Kidwai and Rastogi reported an eco friendly approach for the synthesis of 2 substituted-4-6-diarylpyrimidines using inorganic solid supports for its catalytic roleas well as energy transfer medium is described.The methodology eliminates the usage of solvents during reaction.Microwave assisted basic alumina catalysed reaction is the best as a catalysis as well as reaction time and yield.10 Gedye and Langahave talked about specific microwave effects.11 Loupy and coworkershave published a number of rewiews on solvent-free reactions.12 Kamal Alannan have reported that substituted uracils especially at 5-position play a key role in many metabolic processes. Uracil reacts with halogens such as,chlorine,Bromine. Iodineflorine to give haogen substituted compounds. From the literature it was found that the halogen substituted uracils are important anticancer drugs.13 Zhang and zhou reported the major advantage of solvent-free, for the green synthesis derivatives of heterocyclic compounds. The major advantages of this method are simple experimental and work-up procedures, solvent-free reaction conditions, small amount of catalyst and short reaction time, high yield, and utilization of an inexpensive and reusable catalyst14 Zhao and co-workers reported the advances in the research of pyrimidine derivatives as antitumor drug according to their action on targets.15 Chowdhury and shanker describe the recent development in solvent-free multi component reactions which was the perfect synergy for eco-compatible organic synthesis. The eco-friendly solvent free approach opens up numerous possibilities for conducting rapid organic sunthesis.16 Khosrou and Ali reported the cytotoxicity of synthesized dinitrophenyl derivatives of 5-fluorouracil under hypotoxic conditions on HT-29 cell line under both aerobic and hypotoxic conditions.17 Objectives Solid state microwaves assisted organic synthesis have an impact on drug discovery. The discovery of compounds with improved biological properties can be made more efficient by using new techniques. The objectives of the present research will be: Synthesis of new bio active compounds. Method development for synthesis of new bioactive compounds. Characterization of all synthesized compounds. Pharmacological evaluation. Plan of work Synthesis of 5 -halogen substituted pyrimidine 2,4 dione. Synthesis of N-derivatives of 5-halogeno substituted pyrmindine-2,4-dione. Structure elucidation will be carried out by a.UV/VIS spectroscopy b.FTIRspectroscopy c.NMR d.Mass spectrometry 4.Pharmacological evaluation(anticanceractivities)of synthesized compounds. METHODOLOGY Microwave- assisted synthesis has been applied in many formats ranging from traditional solution phase to solid phase and solvent free reactions. By using dry conditions, the hazards of volatile organic solvents in microwave oven can be eliminated. The solid state synthesis of N-derivatives of 5-halogen substituted of pyrimidine 2,4 dione is of great interest in present research. PLACE OF WORK 1. Lahore College For Women University, Lahore. 2.University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore. . References 1.Zeng ,J .pharma, Res.16, 304-309, 1999. 2.Stafani, H.A; Gatti, P.M, Synth.commun.30, 2165-2173,2000. 3.Varma, R.S., JournalofHetrocycle.Chem.36, 1565-1571, 1999. 4.Verma, R. S., Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 36(6), 1565 – 1571, 2009. 5.Filler,ACS.Symp.Ser,60, 616,3793,2000. 6.Oyoshi, T.; Sugiyama, H.Journal of Nucleic Acids Research, (1), 123-4, 2001. 7. Zhan, H.W;Wang, J. X. Journal ofChin.Chem,Lett. 19,1183-1185,2008. 8. Loupy, Micro wave in Organic synthesis, Willey-VCH, Weinhein, 2006. 9. Gedye, N; Smith F.E,Can J. Chem. 66,17, 1887. 10. Kidwai, S.Rastogi, Bul and KoreanChen. Soc., 24, 11- 1575, 2003. 11. Lang,F. org. synth., 4,373-386, 1997. 12. Loupy, A.Synthesis1998. 13. Kamal,A; Venka, P, J.Chem, soc., Daton Trans, 3381-339,2002. 14. Zhang, Y; Zhou, Z, Organic chemistry international, 1, 194784-5, 2012 15. Zhao, P; You W, Acta pharmacentica sinica, 47(5):580-7, 2012 16. Choudhury, S; Shankar, M, RSC Adv.2, 4547-4592, 2012 17. Khosrou, Ali , ISI journal of Bio Chemistry and molecular Biology.27/59, 176/290, 2013

Durkheimian Theories Applied to Buffalo Creek Essay -- essays research

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This essay will describe Emile Durkheimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s concepts of social integration and social/moral regulation and will explain how Durkheim connects them to suicide. It will then utilize those concepts to analyze the social effects of the Buffalo Creek flood, as described in the book à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everything In Its Pathà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, by Kai T. Erikson, showing other consequences besides higher suicide rates. Durkheimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s concept of social integration refers to social groups with well-defined values, traditions, norms, and goals. These groups will differ in the degree to which individuals are part of the collective body, also to the extent to which the group is emphasized over the individual, and lastly the level to which the group is unified versus fragmented. Durkheim believed that two types of suicide, Egoistic and Altruistic, could stem from social integration. Egoistic suicide resulted from too little social integration. Those people who were not sufficiently bound to a social group would be left with little or no social support in times of crisis. This caused them to commit suicide more often. An example Durkheim discovered was that of unmarried people, especially males, who, with less to connect them to stable social groups, committed suicide at higher rates than married people. Altruistic suicide is a result of too much integration. It occurs at the opposite end of the social integration scale as egoistic suicide. Self sacrifice appears to be the driving force, where people are so involved with a social group that they lose sight of themselves and become more willing to take one for the team, even if this causes them to die. The most common cases of altruistic suicide occur to soldiers during times of war. Religious cults have also been a major source of altruistic suicide. In Durkheimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s concept of social/moral regulation, society imposes limits on humans to regulate their passions, desires, expectations, ambitions and roles. When these limits or social regulations break down, the controlling authority the society once had no longer functions and people are left on their own to make their own plans. In societies that have low levels of social regulations, a state of Anomie, or normlessness, can occur and affect the whole society or just some of its groups. Anomic suicide was more prevalent in this type of society. Anomic suicide basically involve... ...e old communities threw all kinds of different people together. At the risk of sounding superior, I feel we are living amidst people with lower moral values than us.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (208) In conclusion, the flood at Buffalo Creek destroyed the inhabitantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s very social fabric. This in itself is not unique, but what was unique about Buffalo Creek is that there was no post disaster euphoria, where people who have survived the disaster are uplifted by the fact that the community is still present and viable. That was not the case in Buffalo Creek, mostly in part due to HUDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s internal policies but also due to the very devastation caused by the flood. The other thing that was unique about Buffalo Creek was that ninety-three percent of the survivors had diagnosable emotional disorders eighteen months after the disaster. Usually survivors of disasters are able to get over it and move on, but the survivors of the Buffalo Creek disaster were not able to do this because of their total loss of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Gemeinschaftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? or sense of community. Sources: Erikson, Kai T. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everything In Its Pathà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Touchstone 1976 I1, http://durkheim.itgo.com/suicide.html, Dunman, L. Joe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Emile Durkheim Archiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, 1999

Beanstalk: The Real Story

Last October 3, 10 and 12, 2012 it was a hot afternoon when we watch a movie entitled Jack and the Beanstalk: The Real Story, this movie was related to our last topic in management 5. Instead of having a formal meeting in our subject in Social Responsibility and Good Governance, we need to watch because after that we need to have a reaction paper regarding the movie. In the beginning, the story makes me feel bored of watching and listening because the audio and the cast of the movie speak very fast and I don’t understand what they saying.And another reason is somebody caught my attention or maybe I’m not used to watch a movie at noon. However, the last day of the movie story, I had the opportunity to listen carefully to the thoughts and moral lessons of the movie I realized it was interesting. Jack and the Beanstalk: The Real Story is just one of the many versions, where the setting, time and place may be different, but they have one similar scope and ending. In this ca se, the giant dying, and Jack running away with the giant’s riches.It was directed by Brian Henson, the cast includes Matthew Modine as the modern day inheritor of Jack, Mia Sara as a mysterious woman attempting to bring him to justice for the murder of a giant, Jon Voight as the descendant's greedy manager and Vanessa Redgrave an elderly relative of the inheritor etc. The story begins in a wealthy businessman Jack Robinson with no time for anything but to work. His building a new casino on the site of the family castle in England. During the construction, the workers discover the skeleton of a giant.A mysterious young woman called Ondine appears and accuses Jack of being â€Å"a thief and a murderer†. The man goes to the old Jack’s house and sees an old woman whom Jack recognizes as a great-aunt who he believed was dead. The old woman tells him the traditional version of the â€Å"Jack and the Beanstalk† in which the giant is portrayed as a selfish. Beca use of the doubt, Jack decides to go to another world where all is revealed to him along with the story of his ancestor, the original Jack and the Beanstalk. All the people in the magical world believe that he is the one who steal the goose and harp they want Jack to die.In order to save his own life, Jack must right the wrongs of the past and return the magical harp and goose that lays the golden eggs to their rightful home. With the return of the Goose and Harp, the Giants' world is restored. After returning to his world, Jack saves the company's reputation and he decides to support the project of genetically-engineered plants that he previously rejected. At the end, Ondine returns to Jack, where she is allowed to spend one Giant week (seven years in our world) with him and they lived happily ever after.The story has been changed from the traditional Jack and the Beanstalk. The giant has been transformed into a good giant, and Jack has been transformed into thief. I think this is the best part of this new version when Jack returned what his ancestors have stolen from the giant; he not only restored a world’s riches. He also earned for himself a new meaning of life. Jack Robinson corrected his ancestor’s faults after how many years. In our case as people, if we want our future to be better, we must right the wrong of the past.Question, are you ready to face the truth and the consequences of your past actions and decisions? Of course, it takes time to even accept the truth but with acceptance comes joy and peace and with the two, comes the right decisions and actions. Yes, it takes time, but it will be worth it for sure. And lastly the movie or let say the beanstalk is trying to tell us that to reap life’s riches, we need to grow up, climb and do the work. Life is full of harmonious and fateful encounters. Dream it and embrace possibilities!

Clinical Educational Experience Essay

Educating the family and or the community is a role that every nurse must participate in to promote, maintain, and restore health among them. To accomplish such requires family members receive and have a practical understanding of health-related information. One method to accomplish such is to develop a health educational plan. The health education plan based upon information collected from a windshield survey and Friedman family assessment conducted, Areas that will be discussed include, a description of the educational need based upon assessment findings, educational goals and objectives, educational methods that will be used to implement the health educational plan, and the methods applied to evaluate the educator and process used in the development and implementation of the health education plan. I also include the health tools used to educated family, and Identification of a Health Educational Need. MBG elderly Diabetic type I, smoker, strike, demanding, uncaring, undetached from the family. JBG also elderly depressed and heavy drinker, son flat affect with family, dysfunctional family. Cultural, religious, ethnic, and personal upbringings are variables that are considered to gain a basic understanding of the family framework. Being old fashion hard cord Catholic is hard to make them understand that what you preach in the community you have to practice at home. According to NANDA, Nursing diagnosis for this family that I have encounter: 1) Impaired verbal communication as evidence by controlling, undermining from mother and lack of family connectedness. 2) Stress overload evidenced by busy work day, lack of time to relax, and sleep deprivation, and 3) Risk for suicide as evidence by father excessive drinking and mopping around wondering what is the point. Resolutions as follow: 1) Establish common goals, complementary roles, and ongoing  constructive relationships between the health provider and family members, family counseling and individual counseling. 2) Mental health is essential to a person’s well-being, healthy family and interpersonal relationships, and the ability to live a full and productive life. People, stress with untreated mental health disorders are at high risk for many unhealthy and unsafe behaviors, including alcohol or drug abuse, violent or self-destructive behavior, and suicide. Brochure was given to the family, Stress overload and attempted to cover depression and communication into the education knowing that dinking, depressing, and risk of suicide are very touchy subjects. Family was hesitant at the beginning but did pay attention and glanced over brochure gave them names of hospital and web site that they can surge for help. Nurses must be conscious of their responses and actions that may inadvertent ly affect the patient’s response. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring uses a contemporary, holistic framework designed by using multiple disciplines to care for individuals and those within a community. So as a nurse we must be always be considerate about of the family as whole and include the community that will be affected. A learning motivation based upon personal need. The adult’s motivation to learn is derived from the developmental needs of the individual. â€Å"The adult †¦comes into an educational activity largely because he is experiencing some inadequacy in coping with current life problems† (Knowles, 1972, p. 36). References Depression and how to help out. Retrieved from: www. http://lib.calpoly.edu/support/how-to/find-articles/Depression. Healthy People 2020.gov (June, 2014) US Department of Health and Human Services retrieved from http://healthypeople.gov/2020/LHI/injuryViolence.aspx Knowles, M.S. (1972). Innovations in teaching styles and approaches based upon adult learning. Journal of Education for Social Work, 8, 2, 32-39. Nanda: nursing diagnosis Care Plan/Nursing Diagnosis/ Nursing Diagnoses List 2013 retrieved From www.nanda.org Nursing Diagnosis Handbook, 9th Edition: By Betty J. Ackley, MSN, EdS, RN and Gail B. Ladwig, MSN, RN ISBN: 9780323089210, copyright: 2014, Mosby. The Friedman family assessment model form retrieved from: https://portal.phonex.edu/mediallibrary/embedreader.urn:isbn9780130608246: friedman University of Illinois library. Retrieved from: http://openurl.library.uiuc.edu/sfxlcl3?rft.object_id=17160000000000289&svc.fulltext